Sham-e Ghariban

Shâm-e Gharibân is a mourning ceremony that takes place at the sunset of Âshurâ day.

Some particular customs, such as lighting candles or sitting in the dark, make this night's mourning different from that of other nights in Moharram. Shâm-e Gharibân is more or less like a prayer meeting, with the difference that the lamps are not lit here and a little light is given to the meeting place by lighting a few candles. The groups of participants in mourning ceremonies do not take the banner and the banner, do not beat their breasts and do not use chains, rather in more or less orderly rows they go towards the meeting place with their collars open, in silence and with solemnity and mournfully walk or sit down. At the end a sermon is recited which is more related to the events of the eleventh night of the Moharram of the year 61 of the lunar Hegira and the fate of the members of Imam Hossein's family. In this commemoration children and children are used as a living example of the episodes of the Ashura. This ceremony is a reminder of the diaspora of Imam Hossein's family (Ahl al Beit), of the prisoners and children who escaped the Karbala tragedy who, at sunset on the day of Âshurâ, found themselves without a refuge in the darkness of the night, in the desert of Karbala. The Shâm-e Gharibân rite is celebrated throughout Iran. Even in the sanctuary of Imam Reza it takes place in a particular way. On this night the shrine staff stand around one of the largest arenas and pick up the candles. One of them in the crowd chants and the people also take candles in their hands or each puts theirs in the middle of the large tray in the center of the arena.

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