The customs and customs

Considering that Iran falls into the group of ancient civilizations, most of the traditions and customs of its population are known to other peoples. The coexistence in this country of many ethnic groups undoubtedly has as a result a great variety of rituals and traditions whose origins extend to popular beliefs, climatic conditions and some even to the religious and even family beliefs of people from all parts of the country. Iran. Ethnic groups such as the Kurds, the Baluchi, those who speak Farsi, the Arabs, the Turks, the Turkmen, the lor, the gilaki, the qashghai etc ... each with habits and customs appreciated and worthy of mention, all of them have contributed wealth of national culture. Over the millennia of history of this country, there have been customs and traditions of which we are no longer witnesses, customs and rituals related to religious beliefs such as the month of Moharram 1 and the day of Âshura (2), the month of Ramadan ( 3), Eid-e Fetr (4), the month of Rajab (5), Nimeh Sha'bân (6), Eid-e Ghorbân (7), Eid-e Ghadir (8) etc. Islamic. Here we have tried to describe the customs and traditions still present today in Iranian society. 1- First month of the Muslim lunar calendar, Shiite month of mourning. 2- Tenth day of the month of Moharram, in which the martyrdom of Imam Hossein (third Imam of the Shiites and nephew of the Prophet Mohammad) is commemorated. 3- Ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, observed by Muslims around the world as the month of fasting to commemorate the first revelation of the Quran to the Prophet Mohammad. 4- Feast that marks the interruption of the Ramadan fast, falls on the first day of the Arab month Shawwal. 5- Seventh month of the Islamic lunar calendar. 6- Celebrations in honor of the twelfth and last Imam of the Shiites. 7- "Feast of the sacrifice" is the celebration of what was, for monotheism, the most important test overcome by Abraham, that of sacrifice. It is the second Islamic festival that falls on the tenth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah (the twelfth month of the Islamic lunar calendar). 8- The Shiites celebrate the anniversary in which the Prophet chose Ali as his successor.

Set up of a Saghakhane

Set up of a Saghakhane
The setting up of a Saghakhane The preparation of tekyeh dedicated to funeral ceremonies in private houses in the city of Borujerd and in the areas around it, are called saghâkhâne (tabernacles). To do this, one or a few rooms in a house are covered with black fabrics, and a wooden pulpit with some small lamps is placed in the best place in the room. The walls of the tabernacle are decorated with portraits of the great ...

Aqiqeh

Aqiqeh
Aqiqeh One of the rites that takes place in many parts of Iran is the aqiqeh rite. This festival is linked to happiness for the birth of children and originates in Islamic traditions and popular beliefs that have a particular role among people faithful to religious customs. This ritual takes place seven days after the birth of the child to preserve it from misfortune and during this time it is sacrificed ...

Burn the wild rue

Burn the wild rue
Burning the wild rue Burning the wild rue is one of the ancient ways to repel the evil eye and remove misfortune and misfortune from the person or things and plays a special role in the culture of the Iranians. Usually the wild rue is burned and dispersed on special occasions; for example, for someone who has fallen ill, for someone who has returned from a trip, in particular by a ...

Chaharshanbe Suri

Chaharshanbe Suri
Chaharshanbe Suri The Chaharshanbe Suri (Chahârshanbe Sûrî) is one of the feasts equally dear to the Iranian population, which is celebrated the night before the last Wednesday of the year and recalls the ancient ceremonies of the Mazda fire cult. When evening falls, bonfires are lit and everyone, especially the young, stand out jumping over the flames, and singing: "Zardie man azto, Sorkhie to az man" ("My yellow ...

Chak Chakoo

Chak Chakoo
Chak Chakoo Chak Chakoo is one of the traditional customs of the month of Moharram in the city of Estehbân in the Fârs region. Chak Chakoo is a type of traditional funeral lamentation that is celebrated in this city in the afternoon of Âshurâ in the presence of the inhabitants. The participants in the ritual first prepare two stones or two pieces of wood and in a row or at a distance of one step from each other, they ...

Traditional dance Āfar

Traditional dance Āfar
The traditional Āfar dance The traditional dance "Āfar" is one of the most important dances of Torbat-e Jām, in the region of Khorāsān Razavi which is based on two themes, the agriculture and the weaving of carpets and is performed in groups and only by men. This dance from a point of view of the particular peculiarities of its own area reflects the point of view, the culture, the spirituality and the way of ...

Festival of 63 years

Festival of 63 years
The festival of the 63 years Among the Turkmen people in the region of Golestān there is the custom that every man or woman who performs 63 years organizes a party in honor of the commemoration of the 63 years of life of the Prophet Mohammad (S). This is called in Turkmenic language "Āq Quvin" (white lamb) or "Āq Ash" (white soup). The reason for the attribution of this name is that in the past a white lamb was slaughtered, ...

Mother's Day (woman) and father's (man)

Mother's Day (woman) and father's (man)
The feast of the mother (woman) and father (man) Like all over the world, in Iran the day dedicated to the mother and father, in memory and in honor of each of them, is celebrated by the children who visit their parents bringing them sweets and presents. In Iran, the Mother's Day (Women's Day) does not have a specific date on the Solar Egira calendar but officially in the culture ...

Ghel māli or khare mâli

Ghel māli or khare mâli
Ghel mâli or khare mâli (The custom of spreading with mud) The custom of spreading with mud is a tradition that the Lor ethnicity observes in various funeral laments including on the occasion of the death of family members or in ceremonies religious funeral. This custom takes place on the day of Âshurâ in the month of Moharram in the regions of western Iran in the area of ​​the Zagros mountains, particularly in the regions of ...

Nakhl gardâni

Nakhl gardâni
Nakhl gardani or nakhl bardâri The solemnity of the funeral ceremonies of the people of the bâdgir region [1] in the lamentations of the day of Âshurâ, is manifested in the custom of the nakhlbardâri. In the city of Yazd, they take the palm as a coffin of the Imams or as a symbol of one of the martyrs of Karbala. The palm is made of wood and looks like a tree or cypress leaf. This unique ceremony takes place accompanied by ...

Yalda night

night Yalda
Yalda's night This night will be the longest night of the year. It is the moment when the "new sun" is born that will shine with increasing intensity, shortening the hours of darkness, promising a luxuriant spring that is celebrated in Iran with the Shab-e Yalda festival. Every Persian of any religion or ethnicity eats the night of December 21 both in Iran and in any other country. "In antiquity ...

Rite "Shâkhsi"

Rite "Shâkhsi"
The ritual "Shâkhsi" (Shâh Hossein) "Vâkhsi" (Vây Hossein) "Shâkhsi" "Vâkhsi" is a type of religious ceremony that takes place during the Moharram days in most areas of Azerbaijân and extends to city ​​of Tabriz. This rite lasts a few days before the month of Moharram until the tenth day of this month and at twelve o'clock on the day of Âshurâ. In the Turkish dialect of Azerbaijân, ...

Rite ahu ahu

Rite ahu ahu
The ahu ahu ritual The traditional "ahu ahu" ritual takes place in the village of "Khurhe" in the Markazi region during the night in the middle of the month of Ramadan, coinciding with the birth anniversary of Imam Hassan Mojtaba (A). In this ritual the children and adolescents of the village in groups of some people go to the houses of the inhabitants and sing a folk song. They turn to the younger son of the family, ...

Rite Arus Guleh

Rite Arus Guleh
Rite Arus Guleh The traditional itinerant representation "arus guleh" is among the ancient mythological representations of the agricultural prayer rituals linked to the beginning of spring and the arrival of the New Year in the Gilan region and to the west of the Māzandarān region . This representation has three main characters: "pir bābu", "ghul" and "nāz khānom": pir bābu is a person who looks like an old man, in one hand has a handkerchief ...

Chagh chaghu rite

Chagh chaghu rite
The chagh chaghu rite The chagh chaghu rite is one of the famous and ancient rites in the city of Sâmân in the region of Chahârmahâl and Bakhtiâri for mourning ceremonies in the month of Moharram. In this ritual, which is more than two centuries old, people from 21 of the night of Ashura go to the tekyehs, the mosques and the Hossenyehs and from the 2 hours in the morning, with the sound of ...

Women's chayyeneh rite

Women's chayyeneh rite
The chayyeneh ritual of women In the days of the Moharram among the people of the Ilâm region, women organize a special ceremony called "chayyeneh". Among these chayyenehs, we can mention that of Ghâsem (A) on the seventh day of Moharram, to that of Abbâs (that Peace be upon Him) on the eighth day, to that of Imam Hossein on the tenth day and to that of day of Arba'een. For example in the châyyeneh Ghâsem, ...

Rite chehel menbar

Rite chehel menbar
The Chehel rite Menbar rite Chehel menbar (read: forty pulpits) is one of the ceremonies of Ashurâ in Iran which takes place in the Lorestan region, near Gorgân, Lahijân, and in some other city. In Khorram Âbâd there is the custom that in the night of Âshurâ the women, in memory of Zeinab [1], (A) with the covered and barefoot faces, pick up the candles, whose number is usually equivalent to. ..

Rite Chel Kachalun

Rite Chel Kachalun
The Chel Kachalun ritual The Chel Kachalun ritual is a kind custom that is found near the Bakhtiāri when it rains a lot and is a cause for concern among people, since too abundant rain increases the probability of damage and floods and in a certain way threatens the life of the Bakhtiāri. In this ritual that is known as "Chel Kachalun" or "Bārān band", (40 bald or stop the rain) ...

Dammamzani rite

Dammamzani rite
The dammamzani rite The dammamzani rite at Bushehr is an ancient rite in which instruments such as dammam, senj, ashkun, ghember and bugh are used, together with the formation of groups that beat their breasts and theatrical representations known as tazi'eh. The number of dammâm players "those who play the ashkun" usually equals seven and the rhythm of one of them goes ...

Rite of donating food to charity

Rite of donating food to charity
The ritual of donating food to charity The custom of making a vow is one of the religious rites to which all religions refer and known to all the peoples of the world. In Iranian society, people make different grades to get what they aspire to. The practice of vows is an ancient and popular tradition among Muslims, especially among Shiites all over the world ...

Rito Helu Helu

Rito Helu Helu
Rite Helu Helu Helu helu that is abbreviated to say "helu" is a song that is usually sung by the group baluchi with a harmonious and beautiful rhythm during a wedding and sometimes any joyful event. Helu helu takes place during the marriage ceremony when the bride is dressed in the wedding dress and her legs and arms are decorated with the henna or when ...

Nakhl gardani rite of the inhabitants of Naragh

Nakhl gardani rite of the inhabitants of Naragh
The nakhl gardani rite of the inhabitants of Naragh The most important tradition of mourning ceremonies and among the most ancient customs of the epic commemoration of Hossein, is a ritual that takes place every year in the historical city of Narâgh (Markazi region). This ceremony is considered the culmination of the activities of Ashurâ day in this city. Even the original people of Narâgh who live in other cities of the country, ...

Pir Shaliar Rite

Pir Shaliar Rite
The Pir Shaliar rite One of the special rites in the Hurāmān area in the Kurdistān is the Pir Shaliar rite, a ceremony that locals call the marriage of Pir Shāliār, a custom of a few millennia that takes place twice a year, once the 15 of the month of Bahman (Pir Shaliar's wedding) and the other the 15 of the month of Ordibehesht (Kumsai). The marriage rite of Pir Shāliār that ...

Rite pulke gardâni

Rite pulke gardâni
The pulke gardâni ritual The traditional religious ritual pulke gardâni takes place in the areas of the eastern Azerbaijân region. Pulke is the name of a type of flaming ball made of cloth that is tied with a metal wire and after having poured some fuel, they set it on fire. In this ritual, which symbolizes the fire of the tents of Imam Hossein (A) the night of Âshurâ, in the nights of Tâsu'â and Âshurâ are made ...

Rito saghaii

Rito saghaii
The saghaii rite One of the most ancient customs of the mourning ceremonies in Iran, which continues today on the day of Tâsu'â and Âshurâ of Hossein, is the saghaii rite (lett: who offers to drink) of the inhabitants of Hamedân. On this occasion men dress in black and with the cup in their hands and clothes covered with mud, in the streets they express their pain. The participants ...

Rito tabagh keshi and alam keshi

Rito tabagh keshi and alam keshi
The tabagh keshi and alam keshi ritual This ritual is typical of the city of Ghazvin. People prepare a large wooden basket about a meter and a half thick and one meter thick, many of which are decorated with mirrors. This cylindrical basket is placed on the head and transported. In the city of Ghazvin, on the night of Tâsu'â, all groups of participants in the ...

Shâme Gharibân

Shâme Gharibân
Sham-e Ghariban Shâm-e Gharibân is a mourning ceremony that takes place at the sunset of Âshurâ day. Some particular customs, such as lighting candles or sitting in the dark, make the mourning of this night different with that of other nights of the Moharram. Shâm-e Gharibân is more or less like a prayer gathering, with the difference that the lamps are not turned on here and is given a little ...

Sizdah Bedar

Sizdah Bedar
Sizdah Bedar the custom of the Sizdah bedar, that is, to organize family outings in the countryside, in a carefree and joyful atmosphere, with songs and dances to exorcise the forces of evil. In Iran, the 13 day after the Persian New Year, the Nowruz, Sizdah Bedar is celebrated. Every year, on the day that falls on the 1 April (in leap years at the 2), the Iranians use this day to be outdoors and ...

Ta'ziyeh

Taziyeh
Ta'ziyeh Evolution and consideration of ta'ziyeh, from its beginnings in the 680th century to the present day The Persian theatrical genre of ta'ziyeh, centered on the massacre of the third Imam Husayn and his followers in Karbala by the troops of Caliph Yazid in month of Muharram of XNUMX AD, was born in the second half of the XNUMXth century, in Iran of the Zand dynasty. However, the premises of this dramatic art form can be recognized ...

Tasht gozari

Tasht gozari
Tasht gozari "Tasht gozari" or "tasht gardani" is a typical Ardabil custom, and takes place in the cities of western and eastern Azerbaijan, Âstârâ, Tâlesh, the Mâzandarân region and even Varâmin. In this rite, the basin (tasht) symbolizes the water of the Farât river, to which access to Imam Hossein and his companions was prevented. This ritual takes place three days before the beginning of the Moharram and is accompanied by special ceremonies and ...

sheidune transport

sheidune transport
Sheidune transport The "sheidune" is one of the symbols of the mourning ceremonies of the inhabitants of Dezful who in Persian is called "sheidâne". The people of Dezful, on the day of Âshurâ, carry an arch with four small minarets with a dome in the middle of them depicting scenes of the sushurâ on the style of the paintings of a coffee house; the interior and exterior walls are decorated with different names such as ...

Rose distillation custom

Rose distillation custom
The practice of the distillation of roses The practice of the distillation of roses is an ancient ritual of 1000 years in Iran and interesting to see as it can be considered the origin of the production of rose water in the world. It takes place every year from the middle of the month of Ordibehesht in cities and villages such as: Kāshan, Qamsar, Meimand, Nyāsar, Van, Sār, Sadeh, Vadghān, Lāiznegān, Dārāb, Mehriz, Barzak, Azvār, Lālezār Bardsir, Shahmirzād, Dāmghān , ...

Customs and beliefs related to the figure of the guest and hospitality

Customs and beliefs related to the figure of the guest and hospitality
Customs and beliefs related to the figure of the host and of the hospitality in the popular culture Hapitality was and is one of the characteristics that distinguishes the Iranians. They have in their culture many uses related to the host and how to welcome him. This custom has a long tradition. The existence of words such as "mehmânkhâne" (house of the host ") and" mehmânsarâ "are based on the fact that in the Iranian culture the guest plays a special role. In every home there is often ...

customs related to the invocation of rain

customs related to the invocation of rain
The customs related to the invocation of rain The fear of drought and the lack of rain for long periods, has always induced people since ancient times to perform different rites and customs to invoke the rain; in the various areas of Iran there are also particular rituals with similar origins and a great variety of forms. Some of them are related to the pre-Zoroastrian period, others originate in the Zoroastrian myths and some ...

Uses and customs before embarking on a journey

Uses and customs before embarking on a journey
Uses and customs before embarking on a journey To remain immune from possible dangers, the traveler before the trip makes a small offer of charity, is recited Āyat al-Kursī: the "verse of the Throne", passes under the Qur'an, please for him and his companions throw water on the ground behind him so that he leaves healthy and returns from the trip. This custom dates back to ancient times and still exists on the occasion ...
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