Mollā Sadrā (1572-1640)

Sadra spring

Mollāsadrā

Sadr Ad-Din Mohammad Ben Ebrahim Shirazi known as Molla Sadra and Sadr-ol-Mote'āllehin (lit: "the leader of those who have come to God") was born in Shiraz in 1572. theosophist and an Iranian philosopher, he is the founder of Transcendent Theosophy. His writings can be considered the demonstration of a sort of integration starting from a thousand years of Islamic thought preceding his era.

Molla sadra was a very intelligent, serious, energetic, studious and curious young man. In a short time he learned all the teachings related to Persian and Arabic literature and the art of calligraphy. The other disciplines learned were jurisprudence and Islamic law, logic and philosophy and among these, the young Molla sadra, who had not yet reached the age of puberty, acquired some of all those fields of knowledge but proved more inclined to philosophy and in particular to mysticism. Sadr-ol-Mote'āllehin of Shirāz is among the philosophers who, in the current of philosophical thought in the Islamic world, spoke differently and raised new questions. His works are considered more than fifty and on the basis of a current of thought deriving from each, they can be classified into two main groups, one of the narrative sciences, and the other of the intellectual sciences. Among these we can mention the following: Hikmat Al Muta'alyah fi-l-asfar al-'aaqliyya al-arba'a (Transcendent theosophy in the four journeys of the intellect), Mafatih al-ghayb (The keys of the invisible world) , Asrar al-ayat (Secrets of the verses of the Koran), Sharh Usul al Kafi (a commentary on the work Usul al Kafi by Al-Kulayni), al-Masha'ir (on ontology), Iqad al-na'imin (on theoretical and real gnosis and on the science of monotheism), Risala fi al-waridat al-qalbiyyah (a brief account of important philosophical problems, a sort of list of divine inspirations that had in his life), Risala fi'l hashr (on a theory of the resurrection of animals and objects in the afterlife), Risala fi ittisaf al-mahiyyah bi'l wujud (monographic treatise on the problem of existence), Risala fil al-Tashakhkhus (on the problem of individuation), Risale fil huduth (on the theme of the origin of the world), Risala fi al-Qada 'wa'l-qadar (on the problem of the divine decree and on Destiny), Risala fi Sarayan al-wujud ( treatise on the diffusion of existence from the Faithful Source to the existing, quiddity) Iksir al-'arifin (a Gnostic and educational book), Al-Tafsir (commentary on the Koran), Diwan Shi'r (Collection of poems), Kashkul (small bowl used by dervishes and Sufis) etc ...
In the year 1640 he died suddenly in the city of Basra. His mausoleum is located in the city of Najaf.

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