Mahmoud Hessābi (1903-1992)

Mahmoud Hessabi

Seyed Mahmoud Khān Mirzā Hessabi, known as Professor Hessabi, the 23 February 1903 was born in Tehran. He was a physicist, senator, minister of education and founder of university physics in Iran.

He attended primary school in Beirut at the French school of priests, he knew by heart the Koran and the Divān of Hāfez and Bustān and Golestān of Sa'di, the Shāhnāme of Ferdousi, the Masnavi of Moulavi and the Monshā'at of Ghāem Maghām had complete knowledge. He also knew well the poetry and traditional Iranian music and classical Western music and achieved successes in some sports.
At the age of 18 he obtained a degree in literature, 19 in biology and later in road and building engineering, mining engineering, electronic engineering and a doctorate in physics. Even in disciplines such as medicine, mathematics, astronomy, he devoted himself to academic studies.
He obtained numerous awards as "Commandeur de la Legion d'Honneur" and also that of the highest level of the French government or "Officier de la Legion d'Honneur".
Among the achievements of his fruitful life, the duties he had, and the remarkable services rendered to the country in the scientific and cultural sphere, we can mention the following:
commission from the Ministry of roads and transport for the preparation of the first scientific-technical and engineering cartography of the country, foundation of the engineering school of the Ministry of roads and teaching in it, foundation of Dār ul'Moallemin, Institute of high education for teachers and related teaching, construction of the first radio station in the country, foundation of the Institute of Education and Teaching, creation of the first weather station in Iran, installation and start-up of the first radiology apparatus in Iran, calculation and determination of official time, foundation of the first hospital private in Iran, commissioned by the Ministry of Roads of the construction of the Tehrān-Shemshak road, proposal and formulation of the law of the foundation of the University of Tehrān and foundation of the faculty of technology, presidency and teaching, foundation of the faculty of science, presidency and teaching in the his group of physics, foundation of ce of the creation of lenses and Applied Optics at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Tehrān, commission to dispossess the British oil company in the government of Dr. Mossadeq, first head of the board of directors and managing director of the national oil company 'Iran, Minister of Education in the Government of Dr. Mossadeq, designing schools for the nomads and founding the first school of Iran for them, disagreement on the draft of the dishonest contract of the consortium and extraterritoriality in parliament, dissent on the participation of Iranian government in the CENTO contract, "peyman-e Baghdad" (Central Treaty Organization) in parliament, creation of the Institute of Geophysics of the University of Tehrān, of the research center and atomic reactor of the same University, foundation of the organization of the atomic energy and member of the permanent delegation of the International Atomic Committee, formulation of the law on the standards and foundation of the Institute of the same name in Iran, foundation of the country's first modern observatory, foundation of the first modern satellite research center in Shirāz, creation of the Asadābād communications center in Hamedān, training and chairmanship of the Iran is a permanent member of the International Space Committee, foundation of the Iranian musical association, founder and adjunct member of the linguistic cultural center of Iran, activities in two generations of work and teaching of 7 generations of teachers and students and in this area, became known as authoritative professor of the University of Tehrān.
Professor Hessabi was fluent in four modern languages: French, English, German and Arabic, and he also knew other ancient languages ​​such as Sanskrit, Latin, Greek, Pahlavi, Avestic, and Turkish and Italian. Professor Hessabi loved Iran, the traditional and religious culture, literature and beliefs of this country and in addition to traveling to many countries of the world, he had also visited all of Iran.
Of these fruitful journeys within the country and abroad, notes and many travel journals have remained. In the field of scientific research, 25 articles, treatises and books have been published. His theory of the infinity of particles is known to scientists and physicists all over the world.
Hessābi was the only Iranian student of Professor Einstein and during his life he exchanged views with world-class scientists such as Shroedinger, Born, Fermi, Dirac, Bohr and with philosophers and writers including Andre Gide and Russel.
He was elected "world's first scientific man" (1990) by the world scientific society and was named "father of physics" during the Congress "Sixty years of physics in Iran".
Professor Hessabi has published books on the science of physics, most of which have been used as a university scientific source. Given the breadth of his studies, he left us many books in the cultural and literary fields such as "The culture of Hessābi", "The Iranian names", "Prefixes and suffixes of the Farsi and the potential of the Persian language" and many other titles among which we remember:
-The law of the foundation of the University of Tehran
- First and second level Physics of the Higher Institutes
- The Iranian names
- Physical optics, Tehran University
- Specialistic physics dictionary
-Teoria on magnetism
-Genealogy of the Hessābi family
- Solid State Physics in English and French, 1348 (Physique de l'Etat Solide, Solid State Physics)
- Quantum optics
French French in Persian
- Persian Prefixes and Suffixes
- Possibilities of the history of Iran
-Electrodynamics
- Electronic theory
- First volume of Hessābi's vocabulary, the following volumes had prepared them for printing
Professor Hessābi in his professional career also boasts numerous treatises in various areas of physics and culture.
This great genius Iranian teacher died the 3 September 1992 in Geneva and his mausoleum, built according to his will, is located in the birthplace of the family in the city of Tafresh.
 

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