Farabi
Abu Naser Mohammad Ben Mohammad Farabi, born in the year 870 in Fārāb, in the Khorāsān region, is one of the most famous philosophers and Iranian writers highly versed in science, philosophy, logic, sociology, medicine, mathematics and music. Fārābi in the various branches of science had no equal, so much so that he wrote books on every science of his time and from his works it is clear that he was endowed with great competence in linguistics, in mathematics, alchemy, in astronomy, in administrative, musical, natural, theological and civil sciences, in Islamic jurisprudence, in logic and in the writing of encyclopedias.
Fārābi's fervent intelligence and ability to understand science meant that all the topics that were taught, he learned them best. His name soon became famous as a philosopher and man of letters; most of his works concern the philosophical field and the logic applied to the Platonic doctrine trying to reconcile the thoughts of Plato and Aristotle with monotheistic theology. In the Islamic philosophical tradition, Fārābi was given the nickname "Second Master" after Aristotle who was known as "First Master". Islamic historians are convinced that Fārābi was like a dervish, he loved to isolate himself and deepen his meditations. Fārābi has published many works including:
1. (What is worthy of being learned before philosophy)
2. (City policy)
3. (The harmony of the opinions of the two wise men, the divine Plato and Aristotle)
4. Risalat fi'l-'Aql (Treatise on the nature and entity of the intellect)
5. (Achieving happiness)
6. (Answers to philosophical questions)
7. (Treatise on the proofs of the existence of non-material creatures)
8. (Motivations of the Metaphysics of Aristotle, intentions of Aristotle in his Metaphysics)
9. (Political Treaty)
10. (Pearls of wisdom)
11. Kitab al-musiqa al-kabir (The great book of music)
12. Andishehāye ahl al-madina al-fazelā (Reflections on the people of the virtuous city where he theorizes an ideal state as in Plato's work "The Republic")
13. (On the necessity of alchemy)
14. Kitab al-Huruf (Letter Treatise)
In the Middle Ages some of his works were translated into Latin with the title Alpharabius, Alfarabi, El Farati, Avenassar.
The year of his disappearance is 950 and his mausoleum is located in Damascus.
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