The Ritual Dramatic Art of Ta'zīye

Posted in 2010 in the UNESCO list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

Ta'zīye (or Ta'azyeh) is a ritual dramatic art that tells religious events, historical and mythical stories and folk tales. There are four elements that make up this dramatic art: poetry, music, song and movement. Some shows have up to a hundred roles, divided into historical, religious, political, social, supernatural, real, fictional and fantasy characters. Each Ta'zīye play is individual, with its own subject, costumes and music. The shows are rich in symbolism, conventions, codes and signs understood by Iranian viewers and take place on a stage with no lights or decorations. The actors are always male, with female roles played by men, and most are amateurs who make a living by other means but perform for spiritual rewards. While Ta'zīye plays a prominent role in Iranian culture, literature and art, everyday proverbs are also drawn from his ritual works. the performance of this art helps to promote and strengthen religious and spiritual values, altruism and friendship while preserving ancient Iranian traditions, national culture and mythology. Ta'zīye also plays a significant role in preserving associated crafts, such as costume making, calligraphy, and instrument making. Its flexibility has led it to become a common language for different communities, promoting communication, unity and creativity. Ta'zīye is transmitted by word of mouth from the teacher to the pupil.